Practice Tests From GED Study Guides

How can free ged practice tests can help in your ged exams?

Taking ged practice tests online will always help you as these tests will make you familiar with the test format of the GED, which helps you in passing GED. You get to know the time limits of the actual exam and the way to handle them. You should take our free GED practice test online to help you determine if you could pass the GED exam and what subject areas you may need extra help in. Then take our multimedia GED certificate course online to gain the skills and knowledge that will help you pass the GED exam. We will provide you the best and comfortable course, which covers all the key points of the GED, and include all the valuable pieces of information regarding all of the five main topics mentioned above. Our free GED practice is available to anyone who is ready to invest good time and potential in preparation for their GED test and good performance in the test. Our instructor with the higher level of education has designed the free practice test and it can guide you for solid preparation of the most important tests topics, including necessary strategies and helpful material with special tips on math's solutions.

What are the benefits of earning a GED credential?

Among the many benefits of the GED testing program, passing the GED Tests provides an opportunity for adults to continue their education. In fact, 95 percent of U.S. colleges and universities accept GED graduates who meet their other qualifications for admission, according to the College Board. A GED credential documents that you have high school-level academic skills. About 96 percent of U.S. employers accept the GED credential as equal to a traditional high school diploma, according to recent studies.

Why to enroll for ged online practice test?

You need to take some GED practice tests in order to gain knowledge of the test and to determine skill weaknesses and strengths. Practice tests can also help you plan a study guide and determine how much time and effort you'll need to prepare for the GED. In order to prepare for the GED test, you need to enroll in a GED class, a GED study program, basic skills or GED test prep program. Your GED practice tests program keeps track of your progress and tells you exactly what areas you need to study to pass the GED test. You can try our quick free GED Practice Tests to see how you'll do on the actual GED test. Our GED practice exam explains in detail what the correct answers are. It will even analyze your wrong answers so that you don't waste your time. You learn as you practice with the GED practice testing. The GED Academy practice test program is far superior to the Steck Vaughn GED practice test.

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Are Distance Learning Courses Better Than Regular Courses?

If you ever have the opportunity to visit any of the online university for enrolling yourself in the distance learning course, then you must also in addition, get the information about all kinds of courses that are offered there along with also the kind of environment it offers, the people who works and the students who study at these online distance learning universities. 

There are many universities that conduct information days and evenings when you are allowed to views of the university premises. Similarly, if you want to make a background check about the university, the best source for you would be to contact the distance learning students. 

There are many alumni associations that organize a variety of activities and whose members have once been a part of the distance learning courses in these universities. You can also approach them for gathering information about the distance learning courses. Since they were a part of the university before, they will be able to give you correct information about the university and its background too. 

These alumni associations also arrange for the annual free fairs on the distance learning information in almost all cities of the country. There are participants who come from various countries to attend the discussions that take place in these fairs about the present education scenario and also the job prospects in the entire world. Thus it is indeed a great opportunity for you to meet up with such representatives and obtain all the required general information about the distance learning courses. 

Another way of finding and choosing the correct distance learning program is to do some research online and go through the various sites of these online distance learning universities. 

The distance learning courses are mainly aimed at those working professionals and the students who work in the managerial posts or want to hone their skills in leadership etc. Here are some general criteria that you must be eligible in, in order to get admission in the distance learning course of MBA. You must have a good academic background with great results, you must also have at least 2 years or more of work experience in the domain of your choice, you must bring with you two or more letters of recommendation etc. 

The distance learning is an open course and is conducted all over the world. The distance learning courses are usually conducted via the e learning mode, with the help of emails, teleconference, video and audio conferencing etc. The in the distance learning mode is great for people who can combine their job and family commitments along with studies. The study hour for such distance learning courses are rather very flexible and you can study at your own pace and convenience. Distance is not an obstacle when it comes to the distance learning mode and hence, you can easily get hold of a foreign degree while sitting at the comforts of your home in your country of residence.

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Hotel Management Degree

Several post graduate college students will have the motivation to go after a hotel management degree. Attending a university or school that presents a degree in these fields will get ready them nicely for a hotel management job. A well reliable college is in a position to provide all the needed abilities and education one particular would need to have for the producing of a specialist and well-informed graduate that would be much more than prepared to enter into the possibilities presented with the hotel and hospitality management marketplace. Most hotel and hospitality management degree applications can be observed at quite a few colleges and universities and are also supplied by these colleges on line. With a place as a hotel manager, you may possibly be topic to huge tasks this kind of as organizing distinctive events or even big conventions and there will also be other assignments incorporated these as operating front desk, managing the restaurant and workers as very well as operating with the public.

Some may perhaps even achieve a place more than time as currently being the Basic Manager wherever they will oversee just about every element of the establishment operation. There are very a couple of various management positions in this community and each Institution that supplies a hotel management degree system in hotel management will have all the specialised training necessary to fulfill the place that every college student pursues.

Some of the regular operations that a hotel and hospitality supervisor are responsible for are:

Worker teaching

Associating with the public

Human assets

Preserving provider policies intact

Ability to remedy difficulties

Sales and profits and promotion

Excellent social capabilities

Guest companies and accommodating

Business and accounting capabilities

Earnings targeting and spending budget co-ordination

Knowledge of Corporation Ambitions and aims

Hotel and hospitality management packages are presented inside two locations of the hospitality sector and they are the Hotel, motel resort management and the restaurant or meals and banquet management. Restaurant or foods and banquet management are most probably locations that would give the possibility as a Director of Catering. Hotel and Motel, resort management will include manager's positions to perform hand in hand with quite a few other personnel such as function directors, departments in culinary and administration and reservations.

A Hotel management diploma will provide awareness of provisional techniques and leadership growth, and give the training wanted in the operating of simple administrative operations. A management position in the hospitality industry may possibly demand 1 to be offered for lengthy hours as effectively as weekends and defiantly vacations in the peak period.

A hotel management diploma is a pretty successful level of training and will supplies the college student with a nicely configured commence to their hotel management occupation.

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CNA Certification Exam

If you have made the decision to study to be a certified nursing assistant you would be aware that to become fully certified, you need to sit a final exam. The exam you will be required to sit, and pass, is the National Nurse Aide Assessment program. This exam is the conclusion towards your CNA certification. Once this is completed you can embark on your new career that you will enjoy and find rewarding. If you are still deciding whether or not to become a CNA then reading about the exam may help you decide.

Part one of the CNA Certification exam.

As with all exams, it is advisable to be prepared. You can mentally give yourself a head start by understanding what will be involved in the exam. There are a few different parts to the exam comprising of skills testing, orals and writing, there are two key components. The first part is the oral and written activities. The oral section of the exam is made up of 10 straightforward comprehension questions as well as a few multiple choice questions. The written section is covered by 70 to 100 multiple choice questions and may take approximately 2 hours. These questions go over the vital points that CNA Certification students need to completely understand at the closing of their CNA training.

Part two of the CNA Certification exam. 

Once your knowledge has been tested it will be time to demonstrate the skills you have acquired during your training. In a replicated hospital situation, attendees will be monitored and assessed by exam officials and nursing staff. Staying calm during this part of the test is crucial. Not only is it the persona you need to maintain once you are certified, it will help ensure you perform to the best of your ability during the testing. Ask friends or family if you can do some practice runs on them before the big day, it may help to allay any nerves on the day. The CNA Certification will be marked based on their overall ability and performance. Each part of the exam is carried out on the same day and it is required that both are completed successfully. Once the exam is passed the CNA Certification student will be fully certified and listed on the Nurse Aide Register. There may be small variations from state to state for the exam however these variations will only be slight.

Your CNA Certification.

If you go over your notes before the exam and have a good night's sleep your CNA certification will come to fruition. With your future in mind, you can succeed and go on to help others.

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What is Mesothelioma ?

What is Mesothelioma?

Mesothelioma & Asbestos Exposure
"What is mesothelioma?" That's a question oncologists often hear immediately upon delivering a diagnosis of this disease. The short answer is, mesothelioma is a cancer that is directly traceable to repeated or long-term exposure to asbestos. Usually, though, a longer explanation is needed.

The disease gets its name because cancerous tumors form in the mesothelium – the lining – of an internal organ. In the case of mesothelioma, the tumors form in the lining of the lung, the lining of the abdomen, the lining of heart or the lining of a testicle.

All four types of the cancer are aggressive. Cancer cells usually spread rapidly, and the life expectancy of someone with the disease is between eight and 18 months. Through clinical trials and experimental therapies, specialists seek more effective treatments to extend life expectancy and, they hope, to find a cure.

A primary reason the survival rates of all types of this disease are so low is that most diagnoses are made in stage III or stage IV – a direct result of mesothelioma having mild, often undetectable, symptoms in its early stages of development.

Who Gets Mesothelioma?

People believed to be in the high risk category for getting mesothelioma are those who were exposed to asbestos on a regular basis (six months or more) while on the job.

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Nail Technician Courses

Nails are becoming less of an enhancement and more of an add-on or let's say an accessory, especially for women who want to look good. This is true especially now that professional and prestigious nail salons have become extremely popular across the country. From solid colors to precious stone and jewel attachments and multi-paint patterns, nails are serious business.

If one is looking for a high paying, and interesting career without too much long-term education and incredibly high tuition fees that are usually associated with higher education, one should consider nail technology training from some of the accredited community colleges schools. One should also definitely start thinking about the latest trend, online nail technician courses. These can help with finding the best nail technology training programs and most will offer nail tech courses that fit within your schedule. When it comes to tuition, there are opportunities to receive loans or grants for your education.

In today's competitive world, making the right educational decisions can mean a big difference in your and your family's future. Earning a nail technology training certificate will help solidify one's standing as a qualified nail technician.

Online nail technician courses are in high demand. You can be your own boss as a registered nail tech. You can work on your own hours, and you can work in someone's salon or you can open your own. Learning the skills to create a beautiful set of artificial nails is one way to open the door to a whole new career and such a great business opportunity. Artificial nails are probably the most difficult element in the beauty industry. It takes quite a bit of learning and constant practice to master any form of artificial nail and making it look as natural as possible. Nonetheless, this can become the backbone for one's business as it is probably the treatment that has the highest repeat customers.

On the other hand, if one is wanting to learn the technique to do their own nails, one already knows how much time and money they are going to save by not having to go to a salon or spa on a regular basis just to have their nails done, and think of the convenience of being able to do a repair on short notice.

When I first decided to attend beauty school, I knew that I wanted to be a nail technician but was not sure what they would entail. It did not take long to find out that the top beauty schools all offer a wide variety of courses. As a result, students who graduate from them are able to perform many jobs in the industry.

Of course, like many other students at beauty schools, I expected most of my courses to prepare me for a career as a nail technician. They definitely did this in courses that covered everything from manicures and pedicures to nail art. As a result, my classmates and I all felt prepared for a job in any salon after we graduated.

In addition to learning how to be a nail technician, there were courses that covered business and how to manage a salon. Having those skills makes any graduate more valuable to a salon because they will be prepared to take on leadership roles.

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Five Reasons to Study Graphic Design in Tampa

Attending a Tampa graphic design school can give you many skills that will transfer not only into the field of art, but skills that can prepare you for a variety of life situations. Art school can help students hone their communication and time management skills. Anyone who has attended art school while holding down a job has learned how to prioritize and meet deadlines. Managing studying, art projects, and earning a paycheck means learning how to achieve balance. 

Studying Graphic Design in Tampa Can Be Fun 

Of course, many would argue that attending any school in sunny Tampa would be fun, but this is especially true when studying graphic design. At a traditional school, students spend their time studying subjects that sometimes don't interest them. At a graphic school in Tampa, you can study a subject that interests you while surrounded by a city with beautiful scenery. 

Graphic Design is Challenging and Changing 

Graphic design is not an art form that stays the same for very long, but rather technique, style, and technology are always evolving. Students who find change and advancement exciting will not be disappointed when studying this dynamic field. Graphic design can be all about new techniques, constant change, and continuously opening yourself to new ideas. 

Graphic Design Students Get to Express Themselves 

Some people just have an eye for design. Attending a Tampa art school will give you an outlet to express your thoughts, views, and feelings. Through the guidance of your professors, you can learn how to advance your skills and better express yourself through your designs whether it's a simple menu for a restaurant or an artistically styled poster. 

Meet People with Similar Interests 

Studying with like-minded students will help you grow as a graphic designer and as a person. You can bounce ideas off of classmates and peers and even learn from their successes and mistakes. You can find people in all walks of life enrolled in graphic design programs in Tampa. Some are recent high school graduates while others have been in the rat race for many years and decided to return to school to study a new field. You'll find all sorts of people at art school, and it will give you a chance to broaden your horizons from the comfort of sunny Tampa.

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Selena gomez biography

What do you do after striking gold with your first solo album, wrapping your third season starring in a hit series and earning raves for your movie debut? If you're Selena Gomez, you dance. At least, you get the world on its feet with "A Year Without Rain." A follow-up to "Kiss & Tell," Selena’s gold-certified Hollywood Records debut CD, "A Year Without Rain" shows Selena and her band, The Scene, in a whole new light, this one pulsating, multicolored and ready for the mirrored ball. 

"I really wanted something that felt good to perform, but had a techno/dance vibe," Selena says. "I wanted something that had meaning and melody, and more empowering lyrics." That’s exactly what she delivers in "A Year Without Rain." Working with top producer/songwriters like Tim James & Antonina Armato, Kevin Rudolf, Toby Gad and Jonas Jeberg, Selena kept to a more quickened tempo, exploring themes of love, freedom and the joy of living for the moment. 

Selena credits the album’s neo-techno leanings to her 2010 platinum-certified single, ‘Naturally," which pointed the way for her. That track "really helped me figure out where I want to be," she says. "There’s a feeling when I perform that song that I love, so when I was going back in the studio, I had a better understanding of where I wanted to be musically." 

She gets right to it with the opening track, "Round & Round," an upbeat synth-driven song about reaching the limits of indecision in love. The plaintive "A Year Without Rain" may be more subdued, but its beauty impressed Selena enough to make it the title track. "When I got the song, I went through the roof," she recalls. "Everybody has that one person they can’t live without. It was exactly what I wanted to say." That goes double for the Spanish version of the song, Selena’s first recording in that language. 

Having turned 18 this year, Selena has matured since making her professional debut at age 7, but girls still wanna have fun, which is what songs like "Spotlight" "Off the Chain" and "Summer’s Not Hot" are all about. "Rock God" features none other than Katy Perry on backing vocals, while "Intuition" boasts a duet between Selena and rapper Eric Bellinger in a tricked-out double-time salute to a positive attitude. 

Selena slows things down on "Ghost of You," a ravishing ballad about a breakup so rough, no amount of "living crazy loud" can crush the memory. "It’s very beautiful, very raw," Selena says of the song. "Shelly Peiken co-wrote it. She knows me, knows about everything I go through, and knows how to express it in a beautiful way." 

On the flip side, Selena comes back strong with "Sick of You," a Matt Squire-written and produced track about losing a loser ("You know fairy tales don’t come true/ Not when it comes to you"). The album ends with "Live Like There’s No Tomorrow," an epic power ballad expressing the creed by which Selena has built her life and career. 

A Dallas native, Selena Gomez started acting at age seven when she landed a role in the popular television series "Barney & Friends," on which was a regular for two seasons. She landed her first film role in the 2003 sci-fi action adventure film "Spy Kids 3-D: Game Over." She made her mark as an actress playing girl wizard Alex Russo in the hit Disney Channel series "Wizards of Waverly Place," which premiered in 2007 and has now completed three seasons. Selena and her cast mates won a 2009 Emmy Award for Outstanding Children’s Program. 

Selena then made an indelible impression with her starring role in 2010 comedy "Ramona and Beezus." Says Selena, "I wanted something completely different from my show. All these incredible actors, being able to learn from them and get my feet wet in the film world. It was the perfect way to get into it." Next up, a starring role in "Monte Carlo," in which she plays a teen on vacation in the romantic European principality. And of course, Selena is gearing up for the fourth season of "Wizards of Waverly Place." 

Selena has branched out into fashion with the premiere of her new clothing line, Dream Out Loud, sold exclusively at K-Mart. But her instinct for charity remains strong. She is a proud UNICEF ambassador, and will appear for a third year at UNICEF's Trick or Treat bash, this time to kick off UNICEF's 60th anniversary. And with the new album comes a new tour with her band. 

Having her own band has been a comfort for Selena as she hits the road with "A Year Without Rain." Scene members; Ethan Roberts (Guitar), Joey Clement (Bass), Greg Garman (Drums) and Dane Forrest (Keyboard) back her on tour and help shape her emerging sound. "On my TV show we have an ensemble cast that’s like a family," she says. "If anyone’s missing, you feel it. I wanted that family feel in my music, and we definitely have that with the Scene." 

That family feeling had grown to include fans around the world, each of them all in when it comes to following Selena Gomez on her amazing artistic journey. Where’s she headed? She’ll let you know when she gets there. "I’m still figuring out who I am," she says. "I love expressing that through music, and through film. I feel at this moment in my life I couldn’t be happier."

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Miley Cyrus Biography

Miley Ray Cyrus was born in November 23, 1992. She is American actress, singer , and  writer. She is well famous for her role in Montana series of Disney production. And her father, singer Billy Ray Cyrus and represents with her in the series also her father's role. She was born under the name Destiny Hope Cyrus and has sold nearly 18 million albums so far.

She began singing since she was at the age of 8, and was awarded Best Actress teen comedies of 2007. Miley Cyrus Participated in the movie Musical High School 2 and she was  the girl who was dancing near the pool. Her new album got the second place in the world. Miley Has two brothers and two sisters, she is  in the middle of the family. Miley Cyrus wrote one on the songs in Hanna Montana 1 which named I Miss You.

Personal Life:

Miley Cyrus was born on November 23, 1992, in Tennessee, in the beginning of her life and acting she announced changing her  name from Destiny Hope Cyrus to Miley Ray Cyrus. she has changed her  name in relation to the people has fired everyone by name Miley since childhood relative to Smiley sense smiling because her smile adorn her face and Miley always locked Christian girl confirmed as a Catholic and her family always visit the church without interruption and assured her father Billy Ray to the importance of the church in the life of the young girl relative to the temptations that exist with the fame and Hollywood life completely different life in Tennessee.

They live the life of every American young with famous friends are and has established with her friend Mandy Giroux amused program on YouTube about their realistic lives with a lot of laughs. Miley Confirmed that she was in love with the rocker young Nick Jonas but they split up in late 2007 and then had a relationship with the viewer fashion Justin Gaston , who confirmed her split with him in 2009. Then she met with Australian actress Liam Hemsworth in the movie The Last Song in 2009 and divorced in the mid- in 2010, then they linked  Again and announced their engagement in 2012. Of course, this small artist associated with Disney Channel which presents a series Hannah Montana, which is one of the most important works Disney Miley Championship and her father, Billy.

Miley Cyrus has a lot of best movies like, Big Fish, Bolt, High School Musical2 , Sex and the City2, and The last Song.

Source : jouryblog.blogspot.com

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Biography of George W. Bush

George W. Bush is the 43rd President of the United States. He was sworn into office on January 20, 2001, re-elected on November 2, 2004, and sworn in for a second term on January 20, 2005. Prior to his Presidency, President Bush served for 6 years as the 46th Governor of the State of Texas, where he earned a reputation for bipartisanship and as a compassionate conservative who shaped public policy based on the principles of limited government, personal responsibility, strong families, and local control.

President Bush was born on July 6, 1946, in New Haven, Connecticut, and grew up in Midland and Houston, Texas. He received a bachelor’s degree in history from Yale University in 1968, and then served as an F-102 fighter pilot in the Texas Air National Guard. President Bush received a Master of Business Administration from Harvard Business School in 1975. Following graduation, he moved back to Midland and began a career in the energy business. After working on his father’s successful 1988 Presidential campaign, President Bush assembled the group of partners who purchased the Texas Rangers baseball franchise in 1989. On November 8, 1994, President Bush was elected Governor of Texas. He became the first Governor in Texas history to be elected to consecutive 4-year terms when he was re-elected on November 3, 1998.

Since becoming President of the United States in 2001, President Bush has worked with the Congress to create an ownership society and build a future of security, prosperity, and opportunity for all Americans. He signed into law tax relief that helps workers keep more of their hard-earned money, as well as the most comprehensive education reforms in a generation, the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001. This legislation is ushering in a new era of accountability, flexibility, local control, and more choices for parents, affirming our Nation’s fundamental belief in the promise of every child. President Bush has also worked to improve healthcare and modernize Medicare, providing the first-ever prescription drug benefit for seniors; increase homeownership, especially among minorities; conserve our environment; and increase military strength, pay, and benefits. Because President Bush believes the strength of America lies in the hearts and souls of our citizens, he has supported programs that encourage individuals to help their neighbors in need.

On the morning of September 11, 2001, terrorists attacked our Nation. Since then, President Bush has taken unprecedented steps to protect our homeland and create a world free from terror. He is grateful for the service and sacrifice of our brave men and women in uniform and their families. The President is confident that by helping build free and prosperous societies, our Nation and our friends and allies will succeed in making America more secure and the world more peaceful.

President Bush is married to Laura Welch Bush, a former teacher and librarian, and they have twin daughters, Barbara and Jenna. The Bush family also includes two dogs, Barney and Miss Beazley, and a cat, Willie.

Source : georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov

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Radiation Therapy

Overview

Radiation therapy may be used alone or in combination with surgery and/or chemotherapy in the treatment of primary or metastatic brain cancers, which are also called brain tumors. The three primary ways that radiation therapy is administered in the treatment of brain tumors are with:

• External Beam Radiation Therapy (EBRT): a machine that directs radioactive beams from outside the body;
• Stereotactic Radiation Therapy (Gamma Knife): a computer and image guided technique that directs radiation only at the tumor; and
• Brachytherapy: a radioactive implant that is placed in or near the tumor.

EBRT is the conventional technique for administering radiation therapy to the brain, but stereotactic radiosurgery has also become a standard treatment. The most recent advance in the radiation treatment of brain tumors is the brachytherapy technique called GliaSite radiotherapy system, which involves placing a balloon in or near the tumor during surgery and then passing a radioactive material into the balloon for treatment.

The following is a general overview of radiation therapy for brain tumors. Radiation therapy may be delivered as EBRT, brachytherapy, stereotactic radiation therapy, or through another, innovative technique. Combining two or more of these treatment techniques has become an important approach for increasing a patient’s chance of cure and prolonging survival.

In some cases, participation in a clinical trial utilizing new, innovative therapies may provide the most promising treatment. Treatments that may be available through clinical trials are discussed in the section titled Strategies to Improve Treatment .

Circumstances unique to each patient’s situation may influence how these general treatment principles are applied. The potential benefits of combination treatment, participation in a clinical trial, or standard treatment must be carefully balanced with the potential risks. The information on this Web site is intended to help educate patients about their treatment options and to facilitate a mutual or shared decision-making process with their treating cancer physician.

• Procedures for Delivering Radiation Therapy to Brain Tumors
• Treatment Schedules
• Follow-up
• Retreatment with radiation
• Techniques for Delivering Radiation Therapy to Brain Tumors
• External beam radiation therapy (EBRT)
• Stereotactic radiosurgery
• Internal radiation therapy (brachytherapy)
• Side Effects and Complications of Radiation Therapy for Brain Tumors
• Strategies to Improve Radiation Therapy for Brain Tumors

Procedures for Delivering Radiation Therapy to Brain Tumors

Treatment schedules: Radiation therapy often begins a week or two after surgery, or as soon as the surgical wound heals. Conventional EBRT is usually given in 30–40 doses over a six-week period, five days a week. Brachytherapy may be administered for only a few days, followed by removal of the radioactive “seed”, and stereotactic radiation therapy is typically conducted in one single session

Follow-up examinations: Results of therapy might not be obvious for several months or longer. Tumor cells that have been damaged by radiation cannot reproduce normally and gradually die. The brain clears away the dead tumor cells, but this is a lengthy process. Scans taken immediately following therapy can be confusing because swelling and dead cells often appear larger than the original tumor, and can cause symptoms similar to the tumor. It takes a few months before scans show the full benefit of the radiation.

Re-treatment with radiation: Radiation kills normal cells as well as tumor cells. Since brain tissue cannot replace itself, the effects of radiation are cumulative, causing severe side effects beyond a certain degree of exposure to radiation. For this reason, re-treatment with conventional fractionated radiation is not often recommended. However, additional radiation is possible in selected circumstances, including:

Location of the tumor and its relation to critical brain tissue,

When the previous radiation was given,

The amount of radiation originally given, and

The type of tumor and the age of the patient.

Brachytherapy and stereotactic radiation therapy are frequently used for selected patients who may benefit from retreatment with radiation therapy. These patients typically have recurrent malignant gliomas or metastatic brain tumors and have previously undergone conventional EBRT.

For more information about radiation therapy procedures, go to What to Expect During Radiation Therapy.

Techniques for Delivering Radiation Therapy to Brain Tumors

The three primary techniques for delivering radiation therapy—external, internal, and stereotactic—have each been evaluated in the treatment of patients with brain tumors and may be utilized in different circumstances. While EBRT is the conventional treatment for brain tumors, SRS has also become a standard procedure. SRS has been used in the treatment of many types of brain tumors and been proven effective in the treatment of brain metastases. A recent advance in brachytherapy includes the FDA-approved GliaSite® radiation therapy system that involves passing a radioactive material into an implanted balloon.

External Beam Radiation Therapy (EBRT)

EBRT involves directing radiation beams from outside the body into the tumor. Machines called linear accelerators produce the high-energy radiation beams that penetrate the tissues and deliver the radiation dose deep in the body where the cancer resides. These modern machines and other state-of-the-art techniques have enabled radiation oncologists to significantly reduce side effects while improving the ability to deliver radiation directly to the tumor.

EBRT is typically delivered as an outpatient procedure for approximately six to eight weeks. EBRT begins with a planning session, or simulation, during which the radiation oncologist places marks on the body and takes measurements in order to line up the radiation beam in the correct position for each treatment. During treatment, the patient lies on a table and the radiation is delivered from multiple directions. The actual area receiving radiation treatment may be large or small, depending on the features of the cancer. Radiation can be delivered to one specific area or encompass the surrounding tissues, including the lymph nodes.

EBRT may be used to deliver radiation therapy to a part of the brain or the whole-brain. Whole-brain radiation therapy is usually recommended for a large or spreading brain tumor.

Proton radiation therapy: Proton radiation therapy is a form of EBRT that utilizes a beam of protons as the source of radiation rather than X-rays or gamma rays. Protons are released from atoms using technology similar to that employed in nuclear reactors. Computer-programmed blocks are precisely placed to direct the proton beam toward the tumor and match it to the shape of the tumor.

As a source of radiation, proton beams offer advantages over X-rays. In particular, a proton beam delivers a high dose of radiation to the tumor, but very little radiation affects normal tissue in front of and beside the tumor, and no radiation is deposited in the normal tissue behind the tumor. In this way, healthy brain tissue is spared from radiation damage. X-ray beams may deposit most of their dose in tissues in front of the tumor, causing damage to normal tissue and associated side effects.

Proton radiation therapy may have a role in the treatment of unusually shaped tumors and small tumors that are located deep in the skull, such as skull base tumors or pituitary tumors. Proton radiation therapy has been evaluated in the treatment of meningiomas and appears to be effective. In a clinical trial involving 16 patients with intracranial meningiomas, over 90% survived free of cancer progression for three years or longer. [1]

Stereotactic Radiation Therapy (Gamma Knife Therapy)

Stereotactic radiation therapy (SRT) is a noninvasive approach to the treatment of brain tumors that uses pencil-thin beams of radiation to treat only the tumor. SRT uses imaging techniques—including CT scans or MRI—and special computerized planning to precisely focus a high dose of radiation on the brain tumor, while sparing normal tissue. This focused technique allows radiation to be delivered in an area of the brain or spinal cord that might be considered inoperable, and can be delivered to tumors that are one and one-half inches in diameter or smaller. Another advantage to SRT is that radiation treatment is delivered in a single session.

SRT has become a standard treatment for primary and metastatic brain tumors and may be delivered as:

• An addition to conventional EBRT, called local “boost” radiation, when the patient has already received the maximum safe dose of conventional radiation therapy,
• The only technique used to deliver radiation therapy to some brain tumors, or
• A substitute for surgery for a metastatic brain tumor or a benign tumor (such as a pituitary, pineal region, or acoustic tumor).

Prior to SRT, the patient is fitted with a head frame. CT and/or MRI scans are performed with the head frame in place to locate the tumor and obtain information necessary for computerized treatment planning. Treatment is totally non-invasive and painless. Patients maintain their normal function and are completely awake and alert throughout the entire procedure.

Possible side effects of SRT include edema (swelling), occasional neurological problems, and radiation necrosis (an accumulation of dead cells). A second surgery to remove the build-up of dead tumor cells may be required.

Source : www.texasoncology.com

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About Psoriasis

What is psoriasis?

Psoriasis is a noncontagious skin condition that produces red papules that merge together into plaques of thickened, scaling skin. The dry flakes of skin scales are thought to result from the excessively rapid proliferation of skin cells that is triggered by abnormal lymphocytes. Psoriasis commonly affects the skin of the elbows, knees, and scalp.

Some people have such mild psoriasis (small, faint dry skin patches) that they may not even suspect that they have a medical skin condition. Others have very severe psoriasis where virtually their entire body is fully covered with thick, red, scaly skin.

Psoriasis is considered an incurable, long-term (chronic) skin condition. It has a variable course, periodically improving and worsening. It is not unusual for psoriasis to spontaneously clear for years and stay in remission. Many people note a worsening of their symptoms in the colder winter months.

Psoriasis affects all races and both sexes. Although psoriasis can be seen in people of any age, from babies to seniors, most commonly patients are first diagnosed in their early adult years. The quality of life of patients with psoriasis is often diminished because of the appearance of their skin. Recently, it has become clear that people with psoriasis are more likely to have diabetes, high blood lipids, and heart disease. There are speculations as to how this might relate to their joint and skin inflammation. Caring for psoriasis takes medical teamwork.

What is the treatment for psoriasis?

There are many effective treatment choices for psoriasis. The best treatment is individually determined by the treating physician and depends, in part, on the type of disease, the severity, and the total body area involved.

For mild disease that involves only small areas of the body (like less than 10% of the total skin surface), topical (skin applied) creams, lotions, and sprays may be very effective and safe to use. Occasionally, a small local injection of steroids directly into a tough or resistant isolated psoriatic plaque may be helpful.

For moderate to severe disease that involves much larger areas of the body (like 20% or more of the total skin surface), topical products may not be effective or practical to apply. These cases may require ultraviolet light treatments or systemic (total body treatments such as pills or injections) medications. Internal medications usually have greater risks.

For psoriatic arthritis, systemic medications are generally required to stop the progression of permanent joint destruction. Topical therapies are not effective.

It is important to keep in mind that as with any medical condition, all medications carry possible side effects. No medication is 100% effective for everyone, and no medication is 100% safe. The decision to use any medication requires thorough consideration and discussion with your physician. The risks and potential benefit of medications have to be considered for each type of psoriasis and the individual patient. Of two patients with precisely the same amount of disease, one may tolerate it with very little treatment, while the other may be almost completely become incapacitated and require treatment internally.

A proposal to minimize the toxicity of some of these medicines has been commonly called "rotational" therapy. The idea is to change the anti-psoriasis drugs every six to 24 months in order to minimize the toxicity of one medication. Depending on the medications selected, this proposal can be an optimal option.

In another example, a patient who has been using strong topical steroids over large areas of their body for prolonged periods may benefit from stopping the steroids for a while and rotating onto a different therapy, like calcitriol (Vectical), light therapy, or an injectable biologic.

Source : www.medicinenet.com

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How To Remove Blackheads

Blackheads. Just the word itself gets people riled up. If you suffer from them, you've likely been fighting a never-ending battle. There's a slew of products out there that claim to banish blackheads, but which method is really the best? (Right now, you may be thinking you already know the most obvious and fastest way to get rid of them. Just extract with your fingers. Yeah, don't do that.) With the help of a few pros, we present the six best ways to get rid of and prevent blackheads -- a mix of home remedy, prescription, in-office and over-the-counter methods. Though it's important to remember, as with all skincare regimens, regular maintenance is just as crucial as the ingredients or methods themselves. So once you've found the approach that works best for your skin type, sticking with a routine is half the battle.

Before we get into the nitty gritty, first, a little background. “Blackheads go by the medical term ‘open comedones,’ says Dr. Alicia Zalka, Connecticut-based dermatologist and founder of Surface Deep. "They represent a tiny skin opening (pore) which is plugged at the surface of what is called the pilosebaceous unit. This plug made up of sebum (oil) and dirt, has an open top so you can 'look into it which' makes it appear black.” And, unfortunately, they are just are a little more visible on some of us than others. “The appearance of blackheads varies based on many things including age, skin care regimen, hormone status and heredity," notes Dr. Zalka. "There are only some aspects of these variables that we can control. People with very obvious blackheads are usually teenagers but even the elderly can suffer from them.”

Best way to smooth skin

Exfoliating with baking soda: “Exfoliating is one of the only variables we do have control of when it comes to minimizing the appearance of blackheads," notes Dr. Zalka. You can use cleansers, brushes and sponges to gently scrub away plugged pores, but chances are you already have a key element in your fridge. “Baking soda is an ingredient that is often used in microdermabrasion which as a method of exfoliating, can aid in minimizing blackheads when done regularly.” Mixed with water, baking soda can be used to create a gentle scrubbing paste. Alternatively, you can use apple cider vinegar instead of water, which has astringent and anti-bacterial properties and will similarly clear out pores.

Clay Masks: “I occasionally recommend facial masks for patients to use for deep cleaning that can in some circumstances help clean out pores, leaving them smoother looking," says Dr. Zalka. "Like with microdermabrasion, it needs to be done on a regular basis for best results.” Dr. Jennifer MacGregor of Union Square Laser Dermatology, echoes that, saying "abrasive pastes, powders and clay masks (with kaolin) gently exfoliate and help absorb existing oil, but it will accumulate again shortly after the product is used."

Pore Strips: Whether store-bought or homemade, "pore strips can provide immediate improvement of some types of plugged pores but the blackheads will recur unless a proper skin care regime is followed routinely as a preventative measure,” notes Dr. Zalka.

Salicylic and Glycolic Acid: "The best way to break down oil in clogged pores is by using beta-hydroxy acid (salicylic) or combination peels containing salicylic acid," says Dr. MacGregor. "It is lipophilic (attracted to fat/oils) and concentrates at the surface of the pore to dissolve the plugs. Consistent use will prevent the blackheads before they form and help clear existing pores." Additionally, glycolic acid, an alpha hydroxy acid which is derived from sugar cane, helps clear dead skin and debris on the surface. These two work well in tandem.

Retinoids: The viamin A derivative is "the absolute best way to clear clogged pores and prevent blackheads from forming," says Dr. MacGregor. "Prescription-strength formulations are the most effective, but there are several highly effective over-the-counter retinol formulations. These work on receptors in the skin to improve the way skin grows and sheds so that it is less likely to form acne. The outer skin layer (epidermis) evens out and gets thicker while the outer dead layer of keratin material sheds more efficiently. Sometimes there is noticeable peeling but after regular use three to seven times weekly for four to six weeks, the side effects lessen and the skin appears more radiant and clear.

Microdermasbrasion: This professional method "can help a great deal," say Dr. Zalka. "Your dermatologist can also provide chemical peel treatments and comedone extractions which are office-based procedures known to help improve skin texture and appearance.”

What NOT to do: It may take everything in your power, but "the worst approach is to squeeze blackheads," says Dr. Zalka. "This can make skin inflamed, infected and even cause scarring. Be careful not to use any sharp tools on the skin. Leave that to the professionals!”

Source : www.huffingtonpost.com

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Ophthalmology

What is Ophthalmology?

Ophthalmology is a branch of medicine specializing in the anatomy, function and diseases of the eye.

What is an Eye M.D. (Ophthalmologist)?

An Eye M.D. is an ophthalmologist, a medical or osteopathic doctor who specializes in eye and vision care. Eye M.D.s are specially trained to provide the full spectrum of eye care, from prescribing glasses and contact lenses to complex and delicate eye surgery. Many Eye M.D.s are also involved in scientific research into the causes and cures for eye diseases and vision problems.

Eye M.D.s are an essential part of the eye care team. For more on the eye care team and other eye-health information, visit GetEyeSmart.org.

Education and Training

In addition to four years of medical school and one year of internship, every Eye M.D. spends a minimum of three years of residency (hospital-based training) in ophthalmology. During residency, Eye M.D.s receive special training in all aspects of eye care, including prevention, diagnosis and medical and surgical treatment of eye conditions and diseases.

Often, an Eye M.D. spends an additional one to two years training in a subspecialty, that is, a specific area of eye care (for example, glaucoma or pediatric ophthalmology.)

Subspecialties in Ophthalmology

The following are subspecialties in ophthalmology:

• Cornea and External Disease: This subspecialty involves the diagnosis and management of diseases of the cornea, sclera, conjunctiva and eyelids, including corneal dystrophies, microbial infections, conjunctival and corneal tumors, inflammatory processes and anterior ocular manifestations of systemic diseases. Training in this area frequently includes corneal transplant surgery and corneal surgery to correct refractive errors.
• Glaucoma: This subspecialty includes the treatment of glaucoma and other disorders that may cause optic nerve damage by increasing intraocular pressure. This area involves the medical and surgical treatment of both pediatric and adult patients.
• Neuro-Ophthalmology: Involving the relationship between neurologic and ophthalmic diseases, neuro-ophthalmology also deals with local pathology affecting the optic nerve and visual pathways. Over 50 percent of all intracranial lesions involve the visual or oculomotor pathways. Neuro-ophthalmology is generally practiced as a nonsurgical subspecialty but can be combined with surgery of the eye and orbit.
• Ophthalmic Pathology: The ophthalmic pathologist has training in both ophthalmology and pathology, typically in that order. Because of the unique combination of skills involved in this subspecialty, it is usually the ophthalmic pathologist, rather than the general pathologist, who examines tissue specimens from the eye and adnexa.
• Ophthalmic Plastic Surgery: The specialty of ophthalmology includes oculofacial plastic surgery. This combines orbital and periocular surgery with facial plastic surgery and includes the clinical practice of aesthetic plastic and reconstructive surgery of the face, orbit, eyelid, and lacrimal system. With this unique combination of skills ophthalmologists perform facial plastic surgery, eyelid surgery, orbital surgery and lacrimal surgery.
• Pediatric Ophthalmology: The bulk of pediatric ophthalmic practice involves the medical and surgical management of strabismus, amblyopia, genetic and developmental abnormalities and a wide range of inflammatory, traumatic and neoplastic conditions occurring in the first two decades of life. This subspecialty also deals with the ocular manifestations of certain systemic disorders.
• Vitreoretinal Diseases: This subspecialty involves both the medical and surgical treatment of retinal and vitreoretinal disease. The types of diseases treated include manifestations of local, systemic and genetic diseases as they affect the retina and vitreous. Diagnosis involves the use and interpretation of ultrasound, fluorescein angiography and electrophysiology. Treatment methods include laser therapy, cryotherapy, retinal detachment surgery and vitrectomy (removal of the vitreous).

Source : www.aao.org

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Bursitis

What is bursitis ?

Bursitis is the inflammation of one or more bursae (small sacs) of synovial fluid in the body. The bursae rest at the points where internal functionaries, such as muscles and tendons, slide across bone. Healthy bursae create a smooth, almost frictionless functional gliding surface making normal movement painless. When bursitis occurs, however, movement relying upon the inflamed bursa becomes difficult and painful. Moreover, movement of tendons and muscles over the inflamed bursa aggravates its inflammation, perpetuating the problem. Muscle can also be stiffened.

What causes a bursa become inflamed?

A bursa can become inflamed from injury, infection (rare in the shoulder), or due to an underlying rheumatic condition. Examples of bursitis include injury as subtle as lifting a bag of groceries into the car to inflame the shoulder bursa (shoulder bursitis), infection of the bursa in front of the knee from a knee scraping on asphalt (septic prepatellar bursitis), and inflammation of the elbow bursa from gout crystals (gouty olecranon bursitis). Sometimes tendonitis occurs associated with bursitis, especially in the shoulder.

Treatment for bursitis

Treatment will depend on the cause of the bursitis. Treatment aims to alleviate the symptoms as much as possible while the healing process takes place. 

Treatment options may include pain-relieving medications, cold packs, gentle mobilising exercises and rest. Anti-inflammatory medications or injections of corticosteroids may be used in cases of severe pain.

If infection is present, warmth, redness, pain and swelling will be experienced in the affected areas. Treatment with an appropriate antibiotic is necessary. If the bursitis was triggered by a particular form of overuse, it is important to avoid that activity.

Correct posture and joint protection are useful, and braces or splints can decrease the stress on the areas and support good alignment. After an acute attack, it is important to consider how recurrences can be prevented.

Source : En.wikipedia.org

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Colon Cancer Symptoms

Colon, or colorectal, cancer is cancer that starts in the large intestine (colon) or the rectum (end of the colon).

Other types of cancer can affect the colon. These include lymphoma, carcinoid tumors, melanoma, and sarcomas. These are rare. In this article, colon cancer refers to colon carcinoma only.

Colon Cancer

Causes »

Colorectal cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths in the United States. Early diagnosis, though, can often lead to a complete cure.

Almost all colon cancers start in glands in the lining of the colon and rectum. When doctors talk about colorectal cancer, this is usually what they are talking about.

There is no single cause of colon cancer. Nearly all colon cancers begin as noncancerous (benign) polyps, which slowly develop into cancer.

You have a high risk of colon cancer if you:

• Are older than 60
• Are African American of eastern European descent
• Eat a a lot of red or processed meats
• Have colorectal polyps
• Have inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis)
• Have a family history of colon cancer
• Have a personal history of breast cancer
• Certain inherited diseases also increase the risk of developing colon cancer. Two of the most common are:
• Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP)
• Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC), also known as Lynch syndrome

What you eat may play a role in your risk of colon cancer. Colon cancer may be linked to a high-fat, low-fiber diet and to a high intake of red meat. Some studies, though, have found that the risk does not drop if you switch to a high-fiber diet, so this link is not yet clear.

Smoking cigarettes and drinking alcohol are other risk factors for colorectal cancer.

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What Is Global Warming

Global Warming Facts

The planet is warming, from North Pole to South Pole, and everywhere in between. Globally, the mercury is already up more than 1 degree Fahrenheit (0.8 degree Celsius), and even more in sensitive polar regions. And the effects of rising temperatures aren’t waiting for some far-flung future. They’re happening right now. Signs are appearing all over, and some of them are surprising. The heat is not only melting glaciers and sea ice, it’s also shifting precipitation patterns and setting animals on the move.

Some impacts from increasing temperatures are already happening.

Global Warming 2013

• Ice is melting worldwide, especially at the Earth’s poles. This includes mountain glaciers, ice sheets covering West Antarctica and Greenland, and Arctic sea ice.
• Researcher Bill Fraser has tracked the decline of the Adélie penguins on Antarctica, where their numbers have fallen from 32,000 breeding pairs to 11,000 in 30 years.
• Sea level rise became faster over the last century.
• Some butterflies, foxes, and alpine plants have moved farther north or to higher, cooler areas.
• Precipitation (rain and snowfall) has increased across the globe, on average.
• Spruce bark beetles have boomed in Alaska thanks to 20 years of warm summers. The insects have chewed up 4 million acres of spruce trees.

Other effects could happen later this century, if warming continues.

• Sea levels are expected to rise between 7 and 23 inches (18 and 59 centimeters) by the end of the century, and continued melting at the poles could add between 4 and 8 inches (10 to 20 centimeters).
• Hurricanes and other storms are likely to become stronger.
• Species that depend on one another may become out of sync. For example, plants could bloom earlier than their pollinating insects become active.
• Floods and droughts will become more common. Rainfall in Ethiopia, where droughts are already common, could decline by 10 percent over the next 50 years.
• Less fresh water will be available. If the Quelccaya ice cap in Peru continues to melt at its current rate, it will be gone by 2100, leaving thousands of people who rely on it for drinking water and electricity without a source of either.
• Some diseases will spread, such as malaria carried by mosquitoes.
• Ecosystems will change—some species will move farther north or become more successful; others won’t be able to move and could become extinct. Wildlife research scientist Martyn Obbard has found that since the mid-1980s, with less ice on which to live and fish for food, polar bears have gotten considerably skinnier.  Polar bear biologist Ian Stirling has found a similar pattern in Hudson Bay.  He fears that if sea ice disappears, the polar bears will as well.

Source : Environment.nationalgeographic.com

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Hcg Diet

HCG DIET INFO

The leading hCG Diet Authority.

hCG Diet Info is recognized as the first and largest leading authority in hCG Diet information offering over 180,000 pages of hCG Diet resource as well as the most popular hCG Diet Forums on the web. Interested in learning about the hCG Diet? Start with the basics on this page and join the hCG Diet forums where out knowledgeable moderators and hCG Diet community are eager to help you get started!

Everything You Need to Get Started with the hCG Diet in 4 Steps...

Step 1. Bookmark this page and subscribe to the HDI Health Blog - you will find the information provided on this site to be an invaluable resource for your hCG diet journey. Next, continue on to the hCG diet guide where you can learn about the original hCG diet protocol, "Pounds and Inches". Even if your weight loss specialist has provided you with a different hCG Diet protocol, it can be helpful to know how the hCG diet was initially intended. You may also want to pick up a copy of Kevin Trudeau's book, The Weight Loss Cure. This book details a varied version of Dr. Simeons original hCG diet protocol.

HCG Weight Loss

Step 2. Read HDI's frequently asked questions section, designed to answer common questions, about the hCG Diet.

Step 3. Read hCG Diet protocol overview which covers more basics of the hCG diet according to Dr. Simeons' original protocol.

Step 4. Join the hCG Diet Info Forums where our knowledgeable moderators and experienced forum members are eager to support you through your hCG diet journey!

Don't forget to check back frequently for updates on and resources and don't forget to subscribe to hCG Diet Info and HDI Health blog to keep informed on the latest hCG diet and health information.

Source : hcgdietinfo.com

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Squamous Cell Carcinoma | SCC

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is an uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells arising in the squamous cells, which compose most of the skin’s upper layers (the epidermis). SCCs often look like scaly red patches, open sores, elevated growths with a central depression, or warts; they may crust or bleed. SCC is mainly caused by cumulative UV exposure over the course of a lifetime. It can become disfiguring and sometimes deadly if allowed to grow. An estimated 700,000 cases of SCC are diagnosed each year in the US, resulting in approximately 2,500 deaths.

SCCs may occur on all areas of the body including the mucous membranes and genitals, but are most common in areas frequently exposed to the sun, such as the rim of the ear, lower lip, face, bald scalp, neck, hands, arms and legs. Often the skin in these areas reveals telltale signs of sun damage, such as wrinkling, changes in pigmentation, and loss of elasticity.

Definition of squamous cell carcinoma

Squamous cell carcinoma is a common form of skin cancer that develops in the thin, flat squamous cells that make up the outer layer of the skin.

Squamous cell carcinoma is usually not life-threatening, though it can be aggressive in some cases. Untreated, squamous cell carcinoma can grow large or spread to other parts of your body, causing serious complications.

Most squamous cell carcinomas result from prolonged exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation, either from sunlight or from tanning beds or lamps. Avoiding UV light helps reduce your risk of squamous cell carcinoma and other forms of skin cancer.

Source : Skincancer.org

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Japanese AKB48

AKB48 is an idol group produced by Yasushi Akimoto lyrics creator and debuted in December 2005 . The concept is " idol that can be found " . The unique thing is a Project of AKB48 fans can share in the development process of his idol .

AKB48 have their own theater in Akihabara , Tokyo . Although they have become a top idol , now, even they still appear in the theater every day .

Members selected through an audition process where the participants come from all over the country . Currently have formed a team , K team , team B , and trainees .

When released the CD single , the selection of all members , including members of the sister group . Those selected are called " Members Senbatu " and will sing the single.

AKB48

Their popularity not just in their own country , but also abroad . They once held performances in various places around the world such as Paris , New York , Cannes , Los Angeles , South Korea , Macau , Singapore , Moscow , Taiwan , Shanghai , Jakarta , and Washingon DC .

In Japan , every new song they release is always managed to sell millions of copies . And as the most popular idol groups in Japan , they regularly appear in various media such as television , radio , and magazines . While still making appearances in the theater as essentially , they keep expanding .

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Pimples

What is Pimples or Acne ?

A pimple, zit or spot is a kind of acne, and one of the many results of excess oil getting trapped in the pores. Some of the varieties are pustules or papules. Pimples can be treated by various acne medications prescribed by a physician, or purchased at a drug store with a wide variety of treatments.

Treatment Of Pimples

Over-the-counter medications

Common over-the-counter medications for pimples are benzoyl peroxide and/or salicylic acid and antibacterial agents such as triclosan. Both medications can be found in many creams and gels used to treat acne (acne vulgaris) through topical application. Both medications help skin slough off more easily, which helps to remove bacteria faster. Before applying them the patient needs to wash his or her face with warm water and dry. A cleanser may also be used for that purpose. Acne rosacea is not caused by bacterial infection. It is commonly treated with tretinoin. A regimen of keeping the affected skin area clean plus the regular application of these topical medications is usually enough to keep acne under control, if not at bay altogether. The most common product is a topical treatment of benzoyl peroxide, which has minimal risk apart from minor skin irritation that may present similar as a mild allergy. Recently nicotinamide, applied topically, has been shown to be more effective in treatment of pimples than antibiotics such as clindamycin.Nicotinamide (vitamin B3) is not an antibiotic and has no side-effects typically associated with antibiotics. It has the added advantage of reducing skin hyperpigmentation which results in pimple scars.

Prescription medication

Severe acne usually indicates the necessity of prescription medication to treat the pimples. Prescription medications used to treat acne and pimples include isotretinoin, which is a retinoid. Historically, antibiotics such as tetracyclines and erythromycin were prescribed. While they were more effective than topical applications of benzoyl peroxide, the bacteria eventually grew resistant to the antibiotics and the treatments became less and less effective. Also, antibiotics had more side effects than topical applications, such as stomach cramps and severe discoloration of teeth. Common antibiotics prescribed by dermatologists include doxcycycline and minocycline. For more severe cases of acne dermatologists might recommend accutane, a retinoid that is the most potent of acne treatments. However, accutane can cause various side effects including vomiting, diarrhea, and birth defects (women).

Hygiene

Practicing good hygiene, including regularly washing skin areas with neutral cleansers, can reduce the amount of dead skin cells and other external contaminants on the skin that can contribute to the development of pimples. However, it is not always possible to completely prevent pimples, even with good hygiene practices.

Source : wikipedia.org

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